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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people have found that medication can aid in managing anxiety. However they're not the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy are effective treatments too. Some antidepressants, like SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also help with anxiety. Others, like histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants Your doctor could prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants, among the most commonly prescribed drugs, come in many different kinds. The type your provider chooses depends on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you have, and the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These medications alter the way that your brain's nerve cells communicate. These drugs work by increasing the quantity of neurotransmitters in your brain which enhances your mood and reduces anxiety. It can take several weeks before antidepressants begin working therefore, be patient. Benzodiazepines are a different option that your doctor may recommend to treat anxiety and depression. They are extremely fast-acting drugs and are employed as a temporary solution to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines are lorazepam, alprazolam and others. They inhibit the actions of noradrenaline and adrenaline which are hormones that are involved in the body's fight or flee response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are a more traditional kind of antidepressant that is also effective in treating depression and anxiety. They are typically prescribed to people who have not responded to other antidepressants. They also require changes in diet in order to avoid hypertensive interactions caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may need to decrease the dosage if you're taking other medications that impact the way antidepressants function or if they trigger adverse effects. Get help immediately if you are thinking of suicide. You may have different signs of depression and anxiety, or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Patients with comorbid depression as well as anxiety suffer from a worse medical outlook than those who have only one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for people who suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can relieve anxiety symptoms, such as alprazolam, clonazepam and chlordiazepoxid diazepam, lorazepam, and diazepam. These medications work on the benzodiazepine-receptors of the central nervous system which are five transmembrane proteins that form a benzylchloride channel at the central. The benzodiazepine receptors also have an area that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter Gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines decrease nerve activity by increasing GABA-A levels. The benzodiazepines have a fast start of action, but they have a high risk of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants, as well as anticonvulsants and buspirone, have a slower onset of action, however they are still better for long-term use, as they do not produce dependence or tolerance. Anxiety and depression are often co-occurring, and antidepressants can help decrease symptoms of depression that are linked with anxiety. However, many people suffering from depression experience a mixture of both anxious and depressive symptoms and will require the combination of medication and therapy to manage all their symptoms. In these cases, benzodiazepines can be used for short durations to treat depression and anxiety symptoms until other medications take effect. Usually, these medications are prescribed for only just a few weeks at a stretch and are not used on a daily basis. These medications should not be taken for long durations as they can cause withdrawal symptoms such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you're thinking of taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any prior dependence or substance abuse issues as well as any other mental health problems you have. Your doctor can discuss possible side effects and recommend other treatments for depression, if required. Benzodiazepines can create serious and even life-threatening complications in the event that you consume too much or have not previously used them. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding or have a history of liver disease or digestive or respiratory disorders, your doctor may require lower doses or restrict the duration of treatment with these medications. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines, and can increase the risk of adverse effects and dependence, so you should not drink alcohol while taking them. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers can be utilized as an option to treat anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than benzodiazepines, such as Xanax and block receptors that adrenaline binds. They also reduce brain and nervous system activities. They can be used as an alternative to benzodiazepines that are more addictive and have greater risk of dependence. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow heart rate, are often prescribed to treat heart ailments. They are also beneficial in treating anxiety. However, they are not specifically FDA-approved for the treatment of anxiety disorders. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are a good option if other antianxiety medications don't work or have unacceptable adverse consequences. They are particularly effective in situations of social anxiety and performance anxiety, in which uncomfortable symptoms can arise in situations that cause anxiety. They can be utilized in conjunction with other treatment modalities like CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an add-on treatment for people suffering from GAD that is characterized by constant and persistent anxiety that can interfere with daily activities. They can also be helpful in managing the physical symptoms of anxiety, like the racing heart or the increased sweating. While beta-blockers can help to manage the physical symptoms of anxiety, they cannot tackle the mental issues that cause the anxiety. They are best used as a supplement to other treatments such as benzodiazepines and SSRIs. Before taking beta-blockers, it is important to talk to your doctor about your medical history and any other health issues. The use of these drugs is associated with a decrease in suicidal behavior and psychiatric hospitalisations, but the results vary according to the specific psychiatric diagnosis and past psychiatric history. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. Certain natural products have similar properties to beta-blockers but aren't as effective. They include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't fully comprehended. Certain of these supplements can cause serious side adverse effects, therefore it is best to consult a doctor prior to taking these supplements. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way your brain functions. They block the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase, which reduces the chemical compounds norepinephrine and serotonin, which allow your brain cells to communicate with one and each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and elevates your mood. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, specifically anxiety disorder s like agoraphobia and mixed depression and anxiety states. They are less effective in treating pure anxiety and may not be helpful in panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their ability to boost serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters, produced naturally in the body and released into the bloodstream where they travel to nerves cells and serve as messengers. Iproniazid was the first antidepressant to be discovered in 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of additional MAOIs, like tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid. These have been around for decades to help treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs can cause serious withdrawal symptoms if suddenly stopped. They may also cause serious food and drug interactions. A newer form of MAOI, dubbed MAO-A, a selective and irreversible inhibitor, is under investigation for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder because it could trigger manic symptoms. Selegiline, a brand new MAOI (also called Zelapar or Eldepryl) is being studied for Parkinson's treatment. It blocks monoamine oxidese however, it does not affect other enzymes that break down levodopa, the main treatment for Parkinson's. These medications can be taken as a stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can cause hyperreflexia and increased neuromuscular excitation in some patients. This can manifest as muscle twitching, eyelid twitching and other signs. These reactions are more common when these drugs are taken along with certain foods such as aged cheeses or cured meats.